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Abstract

The Authority of Solitary Report (Khabar al-Wāḥid): In the Opinion of Muḥaddithīn and Fuqahā’ Whether it is Qur’ān or the Sunnah of the Prophet, both are transmitted through narrative method. The term Khabar al-Wāḥid refers to that specific narration which is either transmitted by one, two or three individuals. It is proven from the Qur’ān as well as from the Sunnah of the Prophet itself that if any statement, action or silent assertion has reached an individual through khabar al-Waḥid, it is binding for him to respond accordingly, provided if it is authentic. However, there are five conditions to affirm the reliability of any narration, all of which must be considered simultaneously: ‘Adālah (credibility of the narrators), Ḍabṭ (soundness of memory and written accuracy), Ittiṣāl al-Sanad (continuity of the chain of narrators), Ghayr Shadh (conformity) and absence of ‘Illah (hidden defect). Majority of the Fuqahā have also accepted these conditions to be a benchmark for the reliability of a report.